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化学报告实验基础篇第一章20**年

" 选择性β1受体阻断剂的结构特点是

" "A:在苯环上连有甲氧乙基

" "B:在丙醇胺侧链N 上连有取代基

" "C:在丙醇胺侧链的对位连有取代基

" "D:在丙醇胺侧链的邻位连有取代基

" "E:在丙醇胺侧链的间位连有取代基

" " 答案:C

"

" 洛伐他汀主要用于

" "A:治疗心律不齐

" "B:抗高血压

" "C:降低血中三酰甘油含量

" "D:降低血中胆固醇含量

" "E:治疗心绞痛

" " 答案:D

"

" 下列药物中哪个不具有抗高血压作用

" "A:氯贝丁酯

" "B:甲基多巴

" "C:盐酸普萘洛尔

" "D:利舍平

" "E:卡托普利

" " 答案:A

"

" 马来酸依那普利可用于

" "A:治疗心绞痛

" "B:治疗心律失常

" "C:降血酯

" "D:抗高血压

" "E:治疗心力衰竭

" " 答案:B

"

" 用于治疗脑血管疾病的钙拮抗剂是

" "A:硝苯地平

" "B:桂利嗪

" "C:盐酸地尔硫卓

" "D:尼群地平

" "E:氨氯地平

" " 答案:B

"

" 下列用于抗心律失常的药物是

" "A:非诺贝特

" "B:氨力农

" "C:硝酸异山梨醇脂症

" "D:盐酸美西律

" "E:双嘧达莫

" " 答案:D

"

" 氟伐他汀主要用于治疗

" "A:高甘油血脂症

" "B:高胆固醇血症

" "C:高磷脂血症

" "D:心绞痛

" "E:心律不齐

" " 答案:B

"

" 下列药物类型中, 哪一类没有强心作用

" "A:强心苷类

" "B:拟交感胺类

" "C:β受体阻断剂

" "D:磷酸二酯酶抑制剂

" "E:钙敏化剂

" " 答案:C

"

" 心血管系统药物根据临床症状分有哪几类

" "A:降血脂类, 降压类, 止血类

" "B:降压类, 降血酯类, 抗心绞痛类, 抗心律失常类, 强心药

" "C:抗心绞痛类, 降压类, 强心苷类

" "D:抗脑溢血类, 降血脂类, 抗心力衰竭类, 强心苷类

" "E:抗动脉粥样硬化药, 降血脂药,DHP 类Ca-A 类

" " 答案:B

"

" 卡托普利是

" "A:中枢性降压药

" "B:血管扩张药

" "C:作用于交感神经的降压药

" "D:羟甲戊二酰辅酶A 还原酶抑制剂

" "E:血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂

" " 答案:E

"

" 化学名称为1-[3-巯基-(2S)-2-甲基-1-氧代丙基]-L-脯氨酸的药物是

" "A:尼莫地平

" "B:氯贝丁酯

" "C:卡托普利

" "D:硝苯地平

" "E:普萘洛尔

" " 答案:C

"

" 下列各种类型药物中哪一种具有降血脂的作用

" "A:羟甲戊二酰辅酶A 还原酶抑制剂

" "B:血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制剂

" "C:强心苷类

" "D:钙通道阻滞剂

" "E:磷酸二酯酶抑制剂

" " 答案:A

"

" 氯贝丁酯在储存中

" "A:可发生氧化反应

" "B:可发生水解反应

" "C:可发生重排反应

" "D:遇光可缓慢分解生成对氯苯酚

" "E:遇潮湿空气可缓慢分解成对氯苯酚

" " 答案:D

"

" 下列叙述中, 哪条不符合利舍平的性质

" "A:结构中含有吲哚环

" "B:结构中含有两个酯基

" "C:在酸碱催化下发生水解, 水解产物失去活性

" "D:具有温和而持久的降压作用

" "E:对光不稳定, 应避光保存

" " 答案:C

"

" 氯贝丁酯的化学名为

" "A:2-甲基-2-(3-氯苯氧基) 丙酸丁酯

" "B:2-甲基-2-(4-氯苯氧基) 丙酸乙酯

" "C:2-甲基-2-(2-氯苯基) 丙酸丁酯

" "D:2-甲基-2-(2-氯苯氧基) 丙酸乙酯

" "E:2-甲基-2-(4-氯苯氧基) 丙酸丁酯

" " 答案:B

"

"

盐酸地尔硫卓的母核结构为

" "A:1,4-苯并二氮卓

" "B:1,5-苯并二氮卓

" "C:1,4-苯并硫氮卓

" "D:1,5-苯并硫氮卓

" "E:二苯并硫氮卓

" " 答案:D

"

" 氨力农的作用机制为

" "A:血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂

" "B:β内酰胺酶抑制剂

" "C:环氧酶抑制剂

" "D:磷酸二酯酶抑制剂

" "E:黏肽转肽酶抑制剂

" " 答案:D

"

" 硝苯地平的化学名为

" "A:2,6-二甲基-4-(2-硝基苯基)-1,4-二氢-3,5-吡啶二甲酸二甲酯

" "B:2,6-二甲基-4-(3-硝基苯基)-1,4-二氢-3,5-吡啶二甲酸二甲酯

" "C:2,6-二甲基-4-(2-硝基苯基)-1,4-二氢-3,5-吡啶二甲酸甲乙酯

" "D:2,6-二甲基-4-(3-硝基苯基)-1,4-二氢-3,5-吡啶二甲酸甲乙酯

" "E:2,4-二甲基-4-(2-硝基苯基)-1,4-二氢-3,5-吡啶二甲酸二甲酯

" " 答案:A

"

" 与盐酸美西律结构式以及药理活性相似的药物是

" "A:盐酸利多卡因

" "B:盐酸哌替啶

" "C:盐酸美沙酮

" "D:盐酸普罗帕酮

" "E:盐酸胺碘酮

" " 答案:A

"

" 氨氯地平的化学名为

" "A:(±)2-[(2-氨基乙氧基) 甲基]-4-(2-氯苯基)-1,4-二氢-6-甲基-3,5- " "B:1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-4-(3-硝基苯基)-3,5-吡啶二甲酸甲乙酯

" "C:1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-4-(2-硝基苯基)-3,5〖CD*2〗吡啶二甲酸甲乙酯 " "D:1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-4-(3-硝基苯基)-3,5-吡啶二甲酸-2-甲氧乙基-1 " "E:1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-4-(2-硝基苯基)-3,5-吡啶二甲酸-3-(2-甲基丙基 " " 答案:A

"

" 下列哪项描述与利舍平的结构不符

" "A:含吲哚环

" "B:3位的氢为α构型

" "C:含有2个酯基

" "D:含有甲氧基

" "E:含1个哌啶环

" " 答案:B

"

" 羟甲戊二酰辅酶A 还原酶抑制剂可以

" "A:抑制体内cAMP 的降解

" "B:抑制血管紧张素Ⅰ向血管紧张素Ⅱ的转化

" "C:阻止内源性胆固醇的合成

" "D:降低血中三酰甘油含量

" "E:促进胆固醇的排泄

" " 答案:C

"

" 下列哪个药物的结构中含有苯并呋喃环

" "A:盐酸普罗帕酮

" "B:盐酸胺碘酮

" "C:呋塞米

" "D:盐酸美西律

" "E:氯噻酮

" " 答案:B

"

" 盐酸维拉帕米属于

" "A:芳烷基胺类钙拮抗剂

" "B:羟甲戊二酰辅酶A 还原酶抑制剂

" "C:苯氧乙酸类降血脂药

" "D:三苯哌嗪类抗心绞痛药

" "E:髓襻利尿药

" " 答案:A

"

" 硝苯地平在临床上用于

" "A:降血脂

" "B:心律失常、急慢性心力衰竭

" "C:阵发性心动过速、期前收缩

" " 答案:C

"

" 属于非经典的β-内酰胺类抗生素的药物是

" "A:阿奇霉素

" "B:亚胺培南

" "C:头孢克络

" "D:舒巴坦

" "E:阿米卡星

" " 答案:B

"

" 头孢菌素分子结构中含有手性碳的数目是

" "A:2个

" "B:3个

" "C:4个

" "D:5

" "E:1个

" " 答案:A

"

" 青霉素分子结构中含有手性碳的构型是

" "A:2R,

" "B:2S,5R

" "C:2S,RR ,

" "D:2R,5S ,6S

" "E:2R,5R

" " 答案:C

"

" 以多氢化并四苯为母体的药物是

" "A:罗红霉素

" "B:麦迪霉素

" "C:盐酸克林霉素

" "D:盐酸美他环素

" "E:氯霉素

" " 答案:D

"

" 下列药物不属于抗寄生虫药物的是

" "A:甲硝唑

" "B:青蒿琥酯

" "C:磷酸氯喹

" "D:氟哌酸

" "E:丙硫咪唑

" " 答案:D

"

" 下列药物属于抗寄生虫药物的是

" "A:吡喹酮

" "B:氧氟沙星

" "C:地巴唑

" "D:头孢氨苄

" "E:克拉维酸

" " 答案:A

"

" 下列药物中属于抗疟疾药的是

" "A:甲硝唑

" "B:丙硫咪唑

" "C:磷酸伯氨喹

" "D:枸橼酸哌嗪

" "E:阿苯达唑

" " 答案:C

"

" 下列药物中属于抗血吸虫病的药物是

" "A:甲硝唑

" "B:丙硫咪唑

" "C:吡喹酮

" "D:枸橼酸哌嗪

" "E:阿苯达唑

" " 答案:C

"

" 下列药物中属于驱肠虫的药物是

" "A:替硝唑

" "B:丙硫咪唑

" "C:青蒿素

" "D:枸橼酸哌嗪

" "E:磷酸氯喹

" " 答案:D

"

" 下列药物中具有抗丝虫作用的药物是

" "A:枸橼酸乙胺嗪

" "B:奥硝唑

" "C:丙硫咪唑

" "D:青蒿素

" "E:奎宁

" " 答案:A

"

" 下列药物中具有抗阿米巴病和滴虫病作用的药物是

" "A:替硝唑

" "B:吡喹酮

" "C:青蒿素

" "D:枸橼酸哌嗪

" "E:磷酸氯喹

" " 答案:A

"

" 下列抗疟疾药中直接从天然植物提取的药物是

" "A:二氢青蒿素

" "B:磷酸氯喹

" "C:磷酸伯氨喹

" "D:青蒿琥酯

" "E:奎宁

" " 答案:E

"

" 我国科学家发明的鹤草酚的药理作用是

" "A:抗丝虫药

" "B:抗疟疾药

" "C:驱肠虫药

" "D:抗绦虫药

" "E:抗滴虫药

" " 答案:D

"

" 鹤草酚在结构上属于

" "A:哌嗪类

" "B:咪唑类

" "C:酚类

" "D:喹啉类

" "E:萜类

" " 答案:C

"

" 根据奎宁的代谢设计的抗疟疾药是

" "A:喹尼丁

" "B:氯喹

" "C:优奎宁

" "D:辛可宁

" "E:甲氟喹

" " 答案:E

"

" 临床上使用的吡喹酮的化学结构是一个

" "A:混旋体

" "B:消旋体

" "C:左旋体

" "D:右旋体

" "E:混合物

" " 答案:B

"

" 下列哪项叙述与二盐酸奎宁的结构不符

" "A:含喹啉环

" "B:含异喹啉环

" "C:含喹核碱

" "D:含醇羟基

" "E:含乙烯基

" " 答案:B

"

" 蒿甲醚的抗疟作用为青蒿素的10~20倍,这是因为

" "A:过氧桥断裂,稳定性增加

" "B:脂溶性较大,吸收和中枢渗透率高于青蒿素

" "C:蒿甲醚发生了异构化,对疟原早虫的毒性更强

" "D:蒿甲醚为广谱抗虫药

" "E:蒿甲醚作用于疟原虫的各个生长期

" " 答案:B

"

" 青蒿素结构中

" "A:含苯环

" "B:含过氧键

" "C:含双键

" "D:含嘧啶环

" "E:含喹啉环

" " 答案:B

"

" 枸橼酸乙胺嗪临床应用是

" "A:抗高血压

" "B:抗丝虫病

" "C:驱蛔虫和蛲虫

" "D:利尿

" "E:抗疟

" " 答案:B

"

" 抗肠虫药按照结构类型主要可分为

" "A:咪唑类、嘧啶类、三萜类和酚类

" "B:哌嗪类、嘧啶类、三萜类和酚类

" "C:咪唑类、哌嗪类、嘧啶类

" "D:咪唑类、哌嗪类、三萜类和酚类

" "E:咪唑类、哌嗪类、嘧啶类、三萜类和酚类

" " 答案:E

"

" 同时具有免疫调节作用的广谱驱虫药是

" "A:阿苯达唑

" "B:鹤草酚

" "C:盐酸左旋咪唑

" "D:枸橼酸哌嗪

" "E:噻嘧啶

" " 答案:C

"

"

与氢氧化钠水溶液共沸开环产生巯基,遇亚硝基铁氰化钠反应生成红色的药物是 " "A:阿苯达唑

" "B:吡喹酮

" "C:乙胺嘧啶

" "D:甲硝唑

" "E:盐酸左旋咪唑

" " 答案:E

"

" 抗滴虫病的药物是

" "A:青蒿素

" "B:甲硝唑

" "C:磷酸氯喹

" "D:二盐酸奎宁

" "E:枸橼酸乙胺嗪

" " 答案:B

"

" 化学名称为6-乙基-5-(4-氯苯基)-2,4-嘧啶二胺的药物是

" "A:甲硝唑

" "B:美法仑

" "C:白消安

" "D:卡莫氟

" "E:盐酸阿糖胞苷

" " 答案:D

"

" 阿昔洛韦的化学名为

" "A:9-(2-羟乙氧甲基) 鸟嘌呤

" "B:9-(2-羟丙氧甲基) 鸟嘌呤

" "C:9-(2-羟乙氧乙基) 鸟嘌呤

" "D:9-(2-羟丙氧乙基) 鸟嘌呤

" "E:9-(2-羟乙氧丙基) 鸟嘌呤

" " 答案:A

"

" 化学名为α-(2,4-二氟苯基)-α-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基甲基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基乙醇的药物名

称为

" "A:克霉唑

" "B:氟康唑

" "C:酮康唑

" "D:咪康唑

" "E:以上都不是

" " 答案:B

"

" 利巴韦林的化学名为

" "A:1-β-D-呋喃核糖-1H-咪唑-3-羧酰胺

" "B:1-β-D-呋喃核糖-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-乙酰胺

" "C:1-β-D-呋喃核糖-1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-羧酰胺

" "D:1-α-D-葡吡喃糖-1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-羧酰胺

" "E:1-β-D-呋喃核糖-1H-1,2,3,4-四氮唑-5-羧酰胺

" " 答案:C

"

" 阿昔洛韦临床上主要用于

" "A:广谱抗病毒药

" "B:抗深部真菌感染药

" "C:抗革兰阴性菌感染药

" "D:厌氧菌感染

" "E:泌尿系统感染

" " 答案:A

"

" 抗病毒药物按其作用机制可分为

" "A:核苷类和非核苷类

" "B:金刚烷胺类、干扰素及干扰素诱导剂

" "C:逆转录酶抑制剂和蛋白酶抑制剂

" "D:嘧啶核苷类和胞嘧啶核苷类

" "E:抑制病毒复制的药物,干扰病毒核酸复制的药物,影响核糖体翻译的药物 " " 答案:E

"

" 抗艾滋病药物按其作用机制可分为

" "A:核苷类和非核苷类

" "B:金刚烷胺类、干扰素及干扰素诱导剂

" "C:逆转录酶抑制剂和蛋白酶抑制剂

" "D:嘧啶核苷类和胞嘧啶核苷类

" "E:抑制病毒复制的药物,干扰病毒核酸复制的药物,影响核糖体翻译的药物 " " 答案:C

"

" 金刚烷胺类抗病毒药物作用在于

" "A:抑制病毒复制

" "B:影响核糖体翻译

" "C:干扰病毒核酸复制

" "D:竞争性地抑制胸苷激酶和DNA 聚合酶 " "E:具有以上所有作用

" " 答案:A

"

" 阿昔洛韦的抗病毒作用在于

" "A:抑制病毒复制

" "B:影响核糖体翻译

" "C:抑制蛋白酶活性

" "D:竞争性地抑制胸苷激酶和DNA 聚合酶 " "E:具有以上所有作用

" " 答案:D

"

" 碘苷的抗病毒作用在于

" "A:抑制病毒复制

" "B:影响核糖体翻译

" "C:抑制蛋白酶活性

" "D:竞争性地抑制DNA 聚合酶 " "E:具有以上所有作用

" " 答案:D

"

" 第一个上市的治疗艾滋病的蛋白酶抑制剂是 " "A:AZT

" "B:沙奎那韦

" "C:碘苷

" "D:金刚烷胺

" "E:阿昔洛韦

" " 答案:B

"

" 第一个临床上有效的核苷类抗病毒药物是 " "A:AZT

" "B:DDC

" "C:碘苷

" "D:金刚烷胺

" "E:阿昔洛韦

" " 答案:C

"

" 下列药物中属于非核苷类抗病毒药物的是 " "A:AZT

" "B:DDC

" "C:碘苷

" "D:金刚烷胺

" "E:阿昔洛韦

" " 答案:D

"

" 艾滋病(AIDS

" "A:先天性免疫缺陷综合征 " "B:获得性免疫缺陷综合征

" "C:传染性免疫缺陷综合征

" "D:HIV缺陷综合征

" "E:以上叫法都对

" " 答案:B

"

"HIV-I

" "A:流感病毒

" "B:A型流感病毒

" "C:疱疹病毒

" "D:逆转录病毒

" "E:乙肝病毒

" " 答案:D

"

"FDA

" "A:阿昔洛韦

" "B:沙奎那韦

" "C:AZT

" "D:DDC

" "E:磺苷

" " 答案:C

"

" 核苷类抗病毒药物设计基于

" "A:代谢拮抗原理

" "B:电子等排原理

" "C:生物等排原理

" "D:分子模拟原理

" "E:以上答案都对

" " 答案:A

"

" 抗艾滋病药物

AZT

" "A:阿昔洛韦

" "B:司他夫定

" "C:齐多夫定

" "D:拉米夫定

" "E:扎西他滨

" " 答案:C

"

" 抗艾滋病药物

DDC

" "A:阿昔洛韦

" "B:司他夫定

" "C:齐多夫定

" "D:拉米夫定

" "E:扎西他滨

" " 答案:E

"

" 抗病毒药物

Aciclovir " "A:阿昔洛韦

" "B:司他夫定

" "C:齐多夫定

" "D:拉米夫定

" "E:扎西他滨

" " 答案:A

"

" 抗病毒药物

Ribavirin " "A:三氮唑核苷

" "B:司他夫定

" "C:齐多夫定

" "D:拉米夫定

" "E:扎西他滨

" " 答案:A

"

" 碘苷对下列哪种病毒有效

" "A:单纯疱疹病毒

" "B:HIV-

" "C:HIV-Ⅱ

" "D:乙肝病毒

" "E:A型流感病毒

" " 答案:A

"

" 治疗艾滋病的蛋白酶抑制剂在结构上属于 " "A:多肽类化合物

" "B:大环内酯类化合物

" "C:核苷类化合物

" "D:多烯类化合物

" "E:噻唑环类化合物

" " 答案:A

"

" 奈韦拉平的作用特点是

" "A:抑制DNA 聚合酶的活性 " "B:抑制HIV 逆转录酶的活性 " "C:抑制蛋白酶的活性

" "D:抑制

RNA " "E:对以上各种酶均有活性

" " 答案:B

"

" 奈韦拉平在化学结构上属于 " "A:多肽类化合物 " "B:大环内酯类化合物 " "C:核苷类化合物 " "D:多烯类化合物 " "E:二氮卓类化合物