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受潮汐影响的沿江中小型提水泵站优化规划

  摘要:以泵站开机机组耗电费用最少为目标函数,各时段机组开机流量为决策变量,提水水量为约束条件,建立了受潮汐影响的长江沿岸中小型提水泵站优化运行模型,并采用大系统试验选优方法进行求解。研究结果表明:在特定的潮汐和分时电价条件下,沿江工况不可调泵站开机方式主要受分时电价影响,在高电价时应适当减少开机流量,低电价时应适当加大开机流量,以减少机组运行费用。研究结果可以为受潮汐影响的提水泵站优化管理运行提供参考。   关键词:提水泵站;试验选优;动态规划;优化运行   中图分类号:TV 675 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672-1683(2014)01-0135-03   我国长江下游沿岸有着数量众多的中小型提水泵站,从运行管理的角度出发,这些泵站大都采用半调节或无调节水泵,可视为工况不可调机组,其基本运行特点是在一定的扬程条件下,出流量为定值,且长江潮汐的变化对泵站运行流量、效率有着直接的影响。近年来,不少专家和学者对泵站选型、优化运行方式进行了大量的研究,取得了丰硕的成果[1-5],但结合分时电价,针对长江沿岸工况不可调机组的优化运行方式开展研究尚不多见。   目前,试验选优方法已在大型泵站选型与优化调节[7-9]、灌区输配水控制方式[10-11]、地面水与地下水联合调度[12]、水闸规划设计[13]、草叶产量的预估[14]等方面得到了广泛应用。但较少见到该方法应用于中小型提水泵站的优化。本文   拟根据中小型提水泵站工况不可调的特点,结合长江潮汐变化,考虑分时电价,采用大系统试验选优方法对这些泵站运行方式进行优化,为受潮汐影响的长江沿岸中小型泵站运行管理提供参考。   3 结语   本文针对长江沿岸中小型提水泵站工况不可调的特点,在满足一定提水水量要求的条件下,采用大系统试验选优方法,对工况不可调提水泵站群进行了开机方式的优化,寻求最小的开机费用。根据优化结果,在设定的潮汐和分时电价条件下,长江沿岸工况不可调泵站群开机方式受电价影响较大,受潮汐影响较小;在满足水量要求的前提下,高电价时,应选择小流量开机方式,低电价时,应充分调动提水动力以降低运行费用。   我国长江沿岸提水泵站数量众多,且大多为工况不可调机组,本文对这些地区提水泵站机组的优化运行,具有一定的借鉴意义。   参考文献(References):   [1] ZHANG Li-hua,CHENG Ji-lin.Research on Optimal Operation by Adjusting Blade Angle in Jiangdu No.4 Pumping Station[C].The 10th Asian International Conference on Fluid Machinery,Kuala Lumpur Malaysia,2009.   [2] 冯旭松,关醒凡,井书光,等.南水北调东线灯泡贯流泵水力模型及装置研究开发与应用[J].南水北调与水利科技,2009,7(6):32-35.( FENG Xu-song,GUAN Xing-fan,JING Shu-guang,et al .Development and Application on Hydraulic Model and Equipment of Bulb Tubular Pumps in the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project [J].South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology,2009,7(6):32-35.(in Chinese))   [3] Y Tatebayashi,K Tanaka,T Kobayashi.Screw-Type Centrifugal Pump Performance Improvement by Restraining Back Flow in Screw-Type Centrifugal Pump[J].Journal of Turbomachinery,2005,127:755-762.   [4] 程芳,陈守伦.泵站优化调度的分解协调模型[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(2):136-139.(CHENG Fang,CHEN Shou-lun.Decomposition-coordination Model for Optimal Operation of Pumping Stations[J].Journal of Hehai University (Natural Sciences ),2003,31(2):136-139.(in Chinese))   [5] MAHDI Moradi-Jalal.Optimal Design and Operation of Irrigation Pumping Stations[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,2003,129(3):149-154.   [6] 鄢碧鹏,纪晓华.灌排泵站优化规划设计的多因素模拟试验选优 [J].灌溉排水,1999,18(3):21-25.(YAN Bi-peng,JI Xiao-hua.   Optimal Experimental Simulating Methods For The Planning of Pumping Station System[J].Irrigation and Drainage,1999,18(3):21-25.(in Chinese))   [7] 张礼华,程吉林,张仁田.基于试验-整数规划方法的泵站多机组变速优化[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(5):156-159.(ZHANG Li-hua,CHENG Ji-lin,ZHANG Ren-tian.Research on Optimal Operation for Multi-units with Variable Speed in One Pumping Station Based on the Theory of Experimental and Integer Programming Method[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2011,27(5):156-159.(in Chinese))   [8] 龚懿,程吉林,张仁田.基于试验选优方法的多机组叶片全调节优化运行研究 [J].灌溉排水学报,2010,29(4):42-46.(GONG Yi,CHENG Ji-lin,ZHANG Ren-tian.Optimal Operation Method on Multiple Pump Units with Adjustable-blade Based on Experimental Optimization Metho[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage,2010,29(4):42-46.(in Chinese))   [9] 许夕保,陈斌,程吉林.试验选优方法在自流灌区续灌分级控制上的应用[J].灌溉排水学报,2004,23(2):52-54.(XU Xi-bao,CHEN Bin,CHENG Ji-lin.The Application of the Experimental Optimization Method by Stage Control of Continuous Flow Irrigation in Gravity Irrigation District[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage,2004,23(2):52-54.(in Chinese))   [10] 程吉林,金兆森,沈洁.高维动态规划试验选优及其在大型渠道工程系统设计中的应用[J].水利学报,1993,(2):40-47.(CHENG Ji-lin,JIN Zhao-sen,SHEN Jie.An Expermental Method of Mutidimensional Dynamic Programming and Its Application in Cannal Engineering System [J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1993,(2):40-47.(in Chainese))   [11] 程吉林,刘胜松,周振红.地面水与地下水联合调度非线性模型的求解方法[J].水利学报,1997,(10):53-56.(CHENG Ji-lin,LIU Shen-song,ZHOU Zheng-hong.A Solution of Non-linear Model in Conjunctive Use of Ground and Surface Water [J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1997,(10):53-56.(in Chinese))   [12] 杨鼎久,程吉林.水闸规划设计的计算机模拟试验选优[J].江苏农学院学报,1996,17(3):83-86.(YANG Ding-jiu,CHENG Ji-lin.Optimization of Computer Simulation in the Planing of Sluice[J].Journal of Jiangsu Agricultural College,1996,17(3):83-86.(in Chinese))   [13] 徐向宏.农业科学研究中正交试验选优分析的新方法[J].草业科学,2011,28(4):679-682.(XU Xiang-hong.Improving the selection method of repeated orthogonal test in the agricultural science research[J].Pratacultural Science,2011,28(4):679-682.(in Chinese))   [14] 张礼华,龚懿.基于大系统分解协调技术的中小型圩区除涝排水规划探讨[J].中国农村水利水电,2010,(10):142-144.(ZHANG Li-hua,GONG Yi.Study of Draining Scheme on Middle and Minitype Polder Area Based on Large System Decomposing and Harmonization Technique [J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2010,(10):142-144.(in Chinese))   [15] L Cooper,Mary W Cooper.Introduction to Dynamic Programming [M].Pergramon Press.1981.   [16] 高允彦.正交及回归试验设计方法[M].冶金工业出版社,1988.(GAO Yun-yan.Methods of Orthogonal and Regression[M].Metallurgical Industry Press.1988).(in Chinese))