范文无忧网Part 1
Vocabulary
✠ Choose the most appropriate answer A, B, C or D.
1 2 3 4 5
Some creatures were better at surviving and ________ themselves than others, so they thrived at the others’ expense. A C
ad opting
B D
subsisting germinating
reproducing
A 59-year-old man was executed by ________ injection this morning. A C
lethal
B D
inherent fertil e
animate
Sometimes a ________ of ants will hollow out a tree trunk leaving just the bark. A C
swarm herd
B D
pack col ony
Sheep and cows were two of the most important animals to be ________. A C
spawned
B D
domesticated constituted
slaughtered
What began as an isolated outbreak of flu has now developed into a countrywide ________. A C
phobia toxin
B D
epidemic contamination
✠ Fill in the blank in each sentence with the most suitable words from the box.
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Feminism is about liberating women from enforced domestic and ________ drudgery. We owe it to our ________ to leave them a clean world to live in.
She decided to turn vegan after watching a documentary about how ________ is raised. Many illnesses in the temporary refugee camps are the result of inadequate ________. They hold widely divergent opinions on controversial issues like ________.
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Part 2
Grammar
Choose the correct letter to complete the sentences below.
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I don’t enjoy ________ at by other people. A C
being laughed being laughing
B D
to be laughed to be laughing
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I hurt my back. I ________ that heavy box up two flights of stairs. A C
must not carry coul d not carry
B D
might not have carried should not have carried
At the present time, the oldest house in town ________ by the History Society. When the restoration ________, the house is sure to be a popular tourist attraction. A C
is to be restored, finishes
B D
is being restored, is finished
is being restored, is going to be finished
is restored, will be finished
According to a newspaper articl e which I read, the police arrested the man who ________ the First National Bank. The man who ________ a plaid shirt and blue jeans was caught shortly after he had left the bank.
A C
was robbing, had been worn had robbed, was wearing
B D
was robbed, had worn had been robbed, was to wear
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The crime rate has continued to rise ________ the local police d epartment has implemented several new crime prevention programs.
A C
simply because in spite of
B D
even though in the event that
________ the secret of how to make silk remained inside Asia, Europeans were forced to pay high sums of money for this mysterious material ________ overland to Europe. A C
Although, to have brought Due to, to be bringing
B D
Only if, to bring As long as, to be brought
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The psychologist spoke to us about some of the ________ coincidences in the lives of twins ________ apart from each other from birth. A B
amazing, to live amazed, to live
B D
amazing, living amazed, living
It is estimated by those ________ in the hunger program that 3500 people ________ starvation in the world every day. A C
who work, die from whose work, die out
B D
that work, die of which work, die for
A C
where I was, has destroyed
B
in which I was, was destroyed
among which I was, had been destroyed
for which I was, was destroyed D
20
When Mr. Brown walked into the kitchen, he caught the children ________ some candy even though he’d told them ________ their dinners. A C
to eat, to be spoiled eating, not to spoil
B D
to be eaten, spoiling being eaten, not spoiled
Part 3 Reading
Passage 1 Birthday traditions in different countries
Birthdays are celebrated all over the world. Some traditions are fairly similar from country to country: candles, cakes and birthday wishes, birthday games and pinches for good luck. Other customs are quite different. Here are a few.
Argentina – In Argentina, as in many Latin American countries, one of the most important birthday parties is a girl’s fifteenth. When girls turn 15, they have a huge party and dance the waltz first with their father, and then the boys at the party.
China – The birthday child pays respect to the parents and receives a gift of money. Friends and relatives are invited to lunch, and noodles are served to wish the birthday chil d a long life.
Denmark – A flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the chil d’s bed while they are sleeping so they will see them immediately when they wake up.
The Netherlands – Special year birthdays such as 5, 10, 15, 20, 21 are called “crown” years and the birthday child receives an especially large gift. The family also decorates the birthday child’s chair with flowers or paper streamers, paper flowers and ball oons.
India – Usually Indian chil dren wear white to school. However, on their birthday children wear coloured clothes to school and give out chocolates to everyone in the class. Their best friend helps them to do this.
Japan – The birthday child wears new clothes to mark the occasion. Certain birthdays are more important than others and these are celebrated with a visit to the local shrine. These are the third and seventh birthdays for girls and the fifth for boys.
Match the countries in the box with their descriptions.
22 23 24 25
A country where candies are distributed among peers
________ ________ ________ ________
A country where the birthday is made known to the community A country where the household is full of birthday ornaments A country where religious worship is sometimes involved
Passage 2 Intelligence across cultures
What is intelligence? Is it about being clever and getting A grades in all your school subjects? Or is it more complicated than that? Recent research in Asia, Africa and Latin America suggests the concept of intelligence differs from culture to culture.
This research has shown that people in non-Western cultures often have ideas about intelligence that differ fundamentally from those in Western cultures. The studies show that people in Western cultures tend to see intelligence in terms of one’s ability to solve problems engage in rational debate. Meanwhil e, Eastern cultures see intelligence in terms of people’s ability to successfully play their roles within social hierarchies both at home and at work.
Researchers at the National Chi-Nan University in Taiwan found that Chinese ideas of intelligence emphasize understanding and relating to others, including knowing when to show and when not to show one’s intelligence.
In a study conducted in San Jose, California, immigrant parents from Cambodia, Mexico, the Philippines and Vietnam, as well as native-born Anglo-Americans and Mexican-Americans, were asked what they saw as important in the development of their children’s intelligence. Parents from all groups – except Anglo-Americans – indicated that motivation and social skills were as important as, or more important than, academic skills in the development of their children.
Another study shows major differences in how much importance is given to verbal and non-verbal communication skills. Western cultures seem to value more highly the ability to say things clearly, whereas non-Western cultures seem to value the use and understanding of gestures and facial expressions. Intelligence expert David Lazear says that in the Western world we tend to think that the most important thing about being smart is to have skills in reading, writing and mathematics. ‘However, many Asian cultures place at least equal value on the development of one’s interpersonal skills. These includ e being an effective team member, or the ability to create agreement within a group of people.
Many Asian cultures also highly rate the development of a person’s introspective abilities. This is the ability to “go inside” and acquire knowledge about yourself and then to be able to act on this increased self-knowledge. When I lived and worked in Africa, I found great importance given to such things as dance, music, art and drama as ways to express the deep wisdom of the culture and to reinforce key personal and social values. All the intelligences were valued, but somehow capacity in these areas was seen as special and even more profound.’
✠ Complete the summary below with ONLY ONE WORD from the passage.
The notion of intelligence varies significantly from one culture to another. In Western cultures, a person ’s intelligence is shown in his or her skills in seeking answers and participating in 26 ________________ discussions. However, Eastern cultures emphasize a person ’s capability to undertake their 27 ________________ rol es within a ranking system. One research has shown that most immigrant families regard 28 ________________ and interpersonal skills as more crucial than learning skills in their kids ’ personal development. In another study, many non-Western cultures are found to place a lot of importance on utilizing 29 ________________ communication techniques such as gestures and facial expressions. Moreover, many Asian cultures think very highly of a person’s 30 ________________ ability, which means getting to know more about oneself.
Part 4 Writing
✠ Put the following sentences into the correct order to form a coherent
paragraph.
A
With the arrival of rock and pop in the second half of the last century, the protest song became more and more popular as artists discovered they could get their message across immediately to a wide audience.
Music proved an extremely effective way of getting people to think and challenge political decisions.
Music has always been used to express all the different human feelings, from love and happiness, to sadness and anger.
One of the most famous examples of this was the importance of music in the 1960s counterculture movement – a movement which played an enormous part in events such as getting American soldiers out of Vietnam and fighting for the civil rights of African-Americans.
It is generally agreed that music as a form of protest probably originated in the cotton fields of America, with African slaves singing songs of freedom.
B C D
E
The correct order of the above five sentences should be:
________ ________ ________ ________ ________
31 32 33 34 35
For each of the items below, choose the most suitable sentence that makes
sense to you.
36 37
A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C
Until you learn to relax, you won’t improve your ability to speak English. Until you relax to learn, you aren’t improving your ability to speak English. Until you learn to relax, you haven’t improved your ability to speak English. Until you relax more and learn harder, you don’t improve your ability to speak English.
Under the law, drivers and all passengers are permitted to wear seat belts while a vehicle is moving.
Under the law, while some drivers are encouraged to wear seat belts, other passengers might not do so unless the vehicle is moving.
Under the law, both drivers and all passengers are warned to wear seat belts no matter whether the vehicle is moving or not.
Under the law, drivers and all passengers are required to wear seat belts while in a moving vehicle.
The fact that he lacks interest in academic learning indicates his frequent absence from class.
The fact that he is frequently absent from class indicates his lack of interest in academic learning.
It is a fact that he is frequently absent from class; as a result, he is not interesting in academic learning.
It is the fact that his frequent absence from class resulting from his lack of interest in academic learning.
Some people protest certain commercial fishing operations, considering dolphins to be highly intelligent mammals, since they are killed unnecessarily. Even though some people protest certain commercial fishing operations, they consider the highly intelligent mammals – dolphins – to be killed unnecessarily. Some people protest certain commercial fishing operations because dolphins, considered to be highly intelligent mammals, are killed unnecessarily.
Regardl ess of how some people protest certain commercial fishing operations, dolphins are considered highly intelligent mammals to be killed unnecessarily. The researchers are doing case studies of people that their family history has high blood pressure and heart disease to determine how important is heredity in health and longevity.
The researchers are doing case studies of people whose families have a history of high blood pressure and heart disease to determine the importance of heredity in health and longevity.
The researchers are doing case studies of peopl e’s family history whether or not there is high blood pressure and heart disease to determine heredity is really important in health and longevity.
The researchers are d oing case studies of family history in peopl e who have high blood pressure and heart disease to determine the important heredity in their health and longevity.
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40
D